In Daoist philosophy, "presence" (有) refers to the state of existing or being tangible and noticeable, while "emptiness" (無) suggests both the absence of form and the potential for infinite possibilities. Although presence and emptiness are deeply connected, they are not considered equal. Emptiness is viewed as deeper and more valuable. Presence is where the journey begins, providing a foundation for practice, while emptiness represents the ultimate, boundless destination.
When learning Tai Chi, most people begin
with physical movements. They focus on mastering forms and using muscle
strength and mechanical force effectively. These visible, tangible aspects of
Tai Chi fall under the realm of presence. This is the surface level of
the practice, and many learners remain at this level for years, repeating the
same movements. However, Tai Chi offers a much deeper journey.
After mastering the physical forms,
practitioners are encouraged to gradually reduce their reliance on muscle
strength and shift their focus toward the intangible. As they use less muscle
energy, they experience less tension and move into a state of 'Song' (鬆)—a relaxed, effortless state. By diminishing their dependence on presence
in their practice, the power of emptiness, or Qi energy, naturally
begins to emerge. This is the point where form transitions into formlessness.
From Presence to Emptiness
Let’s revisit the palm exercise:
transitioning from imagining a basketball to a balloon, and then to a soap
bubble. This process illustrates the gradual reduction of presence and
the progressive unveiling of emptiness.
As presence fades, something invisible yet
perceptible begins to emerge. This is similar to how stars become visible only
after the sun sets. When the physical strength of your muscles and bones
diminishes, the Qi field becomes apparent. At this stage, you begin to
understand the Tai Chi concept of "now hidden, now revealed" (忽隱忽現).
This idea is not about visual effects but
about sensations felt through quiet observation. When you integrate this
sensation into every movement—from raising a hand to taking a step—you will
discover immense joy in the practice. This sensation is the essence, the very
soul of Tai Chi.
A Simple Practice
Try this exercise to explore the interplay
between presence and emptiness:
- Stand about an arm’s length from a
wall.
- Align your body upright, relaxed,
and balanced from head to toe.
- Quiet your mind, releasing any
distractions.
- Gradually "conceal" the presence of your chest.
What do you feel?
As the "concealment" expands, what new sensations arise?
This practice is designed to help you
experience the transition from presence to emptiness and the subtle
relationship between them. Over time, this understanding will deepen, unlocking
the profound layers of Tai Chi.